Real-mode programs freely execute CLI and STI to control interrupts, PUSHF and POPF to manipulate flags, INT n for DOS and BIOS calls, and IN/OUT for hardware I/O. In normal protected mode, these instructions are privilege-checked -- they execute normally if the caller has sufficient privilege, and fault otherwise. The 386 can't simply let V86 tasks execute them freely -- a DOS program disabling interrupts would bring down the whole system -- but trapping on every INT 21h call would make V86 impractically slow.
These aren't just hobbyist side projects. The victims included major financial institutions, security companies, global recruiting firms, and, notably, Google itself. If the vendor's own engineering teams can't avoid this trap, expecting every developer to navigate it correctly is unrealistic.
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Reading English from 1000 AD，更多细节参见heLLoword翻译官方下载
Hsin-Yi Lo,South East